Jean Arp, also known as Hans Arp, was a German-French painter, sculptor, and poet. He was born on September 16, 1886, in Alsace, Strasbourg, France, to a French mother and a German father. He completed his education and training from the Strasbourg School of Arts and Crafts, Weimar, Germany, in 1904 and enrolled in Academie Julian, Paris, in 1908.
Afflicted by boredom and disheartenment at the existing forms of painting, Jean Arp devoted his initial years to poetry. In 1904, he published his first collection of poetries in Paris after passing out of Ecole des Arts et Metiers, Strasbourg. Later on, he took genuine initiative to re-discover his long lost interest in painting and sculpting. During 1905 to 1907, he studied at Kunstschule, Weimar, and in the year 1908, at Academie Julian. In 1909, Jean Arp shifted to Switzerland and organized an exhibition at Lucerne, under the label "Moderner Bund," in 1911. The subsequent year, he happened to meet Robert & Sonia Delaunay in Paris and Russian artist, Vasily Kandinsky in Munich. In 1912, Jean Arp displayed his semi-figurative drawings at the second Blaue Reiter exhibition, and in 1913, he exhibited them with the 'Expressionists' in Berlin at the Erste deutsche Herbstsalon exhibition.
Creating his own style with free forms, Jean Arp successfully established himself as a leading poet and an artist of great merit. In 1914, he came back to Paris and got acquainted with legendary artists, such as Guillaume Apollinaire, Max Jacob, Amadeo Modigliani, and Picasso. In 1915, Jean came to Switzerland. In Zurich, he also created great collages and tapestries, in association with his fiancée Sophie Taeuber, whom he tied knot with, in 1922. One of the key founders of the 'Dada' movement in Zürich in 1916, Jean Arp became the torchbearer of the philosophies of the movement and eventually set up the 'Cologne Dada' group in 1920, along with Max Ernst, and Alfred Grünwald. The liveliness and liberty in the 'Dada' group appealed to him greatly, and promoted its essence through the expansion of his exceptional and emblematic pictographs. Nevertheless, in 1925, as the 'Dada' movement waned, Jean Arp's paintings became a part of the first exposition of the 'Surrealist' group at the Galerie Pierre, Paris.
As time went by, Arp discarded 'Surrealism' and in 1931, he moved away from the movement to form the 'Abstraction-Creation,' an informal group of artists in Paris to counter the 'Surrealists.' Writing continued to be Jean Arp's ardor throughout his life and he succeeded in publishing many of his write-ups. In 1943, Jean Arp married Marguerite Hagenbach, after the death of his first wife. In 1949, he visited the New York City for a solo exhibition at the Buchholz Gallery. In 1954, he was awarded the Grand Prize for Sculpture at the Venice Biennale. Jean Arp was felicitated with the presentation of his art works at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City and at the Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris, France. He died in Basel, Switzerland on June 07, 1966. An outstanding persona in 'Dadaism,' 'Surrealism,' and 'Abstract Art,' Jean's reliefs and sculptures has had an influential authority over the 20th century art.
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